Dušek CRIME , DETERRENCE , AND DEMOCRACY CERGE - EI
نویسنده
چکیده
We provide new evidence on the effect of deterrence on crime using the experience of a transition country (the Czech Republic) as a quasi-natural experiment. The arrival of democracy in 1989 was accompanied by sharp reductions in all measures of deterrence and sharp increases in crime rates. We test whether deterrence, rather than other factors, was responsible for the post-1989 growth in crime on a panel dataset of Czech regions. The results show significant deterrence effects for robberies and thefts that are quantitatively similar to those found in previous literature, but insignificant deterrence effects for murders and rapes. Abstrakt Článek přináší novou evidenci o vlivu výše trestu a pravděpodobnosti trestu na kriminalitu. Využívá zkušenosti transitivní země (České republiky) jakožto kvazi-experimentu. Po revoluci roku 1989 výrazne klesla pravděpodobnost, že zločinec bude obžalován a odsouzen, a zároveň výrazně vzrostla kriminalita. Na panelovém souboru regionů České republiky testujeme, zda propad ve výši a pravděpodobnosti trestu, a nikoli jiné faktory, byly příčinou růstu kriminality po roce 1989. Výsledky ukazují, že trest má výrazný odstrašující efekt na krádeže a loupeže (kvantitativně srovnatelný s odhady v mezinárodní literatuře), ale nemá statisticky významný efekt na vraždy a znásilnění.
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